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compulsory · CSS study notes

Bucket 86 — Science, Nature & Biology

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Best for: CSS essays on environment, health, agriculture and scientific developments. Focus: biological processes and science vocabulary. 6 words.

1. ABSCISSION (n.)

  • Urdu: علیحدگی، پتوں/پھولوں کا جھڑنا
  • Meaning: the natural separation or shedding of a plant part, especially a leaf or petal
  • Syn: separation, detachment, shedding · Ant: attachment, retention
  • ✍️ Use: The abscission of leaves is a natural response to seasonal change.
  • 🧠 Hook: ab- = away + cutting idea → a part is cut off from the plant.

2. ASEPTIC (adj.)

  • Urdu: جراثیم سے پاک، آلودگی سے پاک
  • Meaning: free from disease-causing microorganisms; preventing contamination
  • Syn: sterile, germ-free, uncontaminated · Ant: contaminated, septic
  • ✍️ Use: The surgeon maintained an aseptic environment during the procedure.
  • 🧠 Hook: A-septic = not septic → clean and free from harmful microbes.

3. DISTEND (v.)

  • Urdu: پھولنا، پھیل جانا، پھلا دینا
  • Meaning: to swell, expand, or stretch because of pressure or internal contents
  • Syn: swell, expand, dilate, enlarge · Ant: contract, shrink, deflate
  • ✍️ Use: The balloon began to distend as more air entered it.
  • 🧠 Hook: Think extend outward → something becomes larger and swollen.

4. FECUND (adj.)

  • Urdu: زرخیز، کثیر پیداوار والا
  • Meaning: highly fertile or productive; capable of producing abundantly
  • Syn: fertile, prolific, productive, fruitful · Ant: barren, infertile, sterile
  • ✍️ Use: The fecund soil supported several successful harvests.
  • 🧠 Hook: Fecund = fertile → think of land producing a rich harvest.

5. PATHOGENIC (adj.)

  • Urdu: بیماری پیدا کرنے والا
  • Meaning: capable of causing disease
  • Syn: disease-causing, infectious, virulent · Ant: harmless, nonpathogenic
  • ✍️ Use: The laboratory identified a pathogenic bacterium in the water sample.
  • 🧠 Hook: patho- = disease + -genic = producing → disease-producing.

6. SECRETE (v.)

  • Urdu: خارج کرنا، مادہ پیدا کرکے خارج کرنا
  • Meaning: to produce and release a substance, especially from a cell or gland
  • Syn: emit, discharge, release, exude · Ant: absorb, retain, withhold
  • ✍️ Use: Certain glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
  • 🧠 Hook: A cell or gland sends something out → secrete.