compulsory · CSS study notes
Bucket 15 — Secretive & Deceptive Behaviour
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Best for: espionage, corruption, political scandals, hidden motives. 10 words.
1. ABSCOND (v.)
- Urdu: فرار ہونا، چھپ کر بھاگ جانا
- Meaning: leave hurriedly and secretly, usually to avoid the law
- Syn: flee, escape, decamp, bolt · Ant: stay, remain, surrender, appear
- ✍️ Use: Several accused in the sugar scandal absconded abroad before the verdict.
- 🧠 Hook: abs (away) + condere (hide) → hide away.
2. CHICANERY (n.)
- Urdu: چال بازی، مکاری، حیلہ سازی
- Meaning: use of trickery to achieve a political, financial or legal purpose
- Syn: trickery, deception, fraud, duplicity · Ant: honesty, integrity, candour, probity
- ✍️ Use: Legal chicanery kept the case pending for eleven years.
- 🧠 Hook: a chicken playing tricks on the farmer.
3. COLLUDE (v.)
- Urdu: سازباز کرنا، گٹھ جوڑ کرنا
- Meaning: cooperate secretly for a dishonest or illegal purpose
- Syn: conspire, connive, plot, scheme · Ant: oppose, expose, compete honestly
- ✍️ Use: Cement makers were fined for colluding to fix prices.
- 🧠 Hook: col (together) + ludere (play) → play together against others. Noun: collusion.
4. COVERT (adj.)
- Urdu: خفی، پوشیدہ
- Meaning: not openly acknowledged or displayed
- Syn: secret, clandestine, hidden, undercover · Ant: overt, open, public, visible
- ✍️ Use: Proxy wars are waged through covert operations rather than declared hostilities.
- 🧠 Hook: kept under cover. Opposite of overt.
5. CRAFTY (adj.)
- Urdu: چالاک، عیار
- Meaning: clever at achieving aims by indirect or deceitful methods
- Syn: cunning, wily, sly, shrewd · Ant: naive, artless, honest, ingenuous
- ✍️ Use: Crafty middlemen pocket most of the profit that farmers should earn.
- 🧠 Hook: skilled in the craft of deceit.
6. DISSEMBLE (v.)
- Urdu: حقیقت چھپانا، بھیس بدلنا، ریاکاری کرنا
- Meaning: conceal one's true motives or feelings; put on a false appearance
- Syn: feign, pretend, disguise, conceal · Ant: reveal, disclose, be candid
- ✍️ Use: Diplomats often dissemble to buy time during negotiations.
- 🧠 Hook: dis + semblance → a false resemblance of the truth.
7. DUPLICITY (n.)
- Urdu: دوہرا پن، منافقت، دھوکہ بازی
- Meaning: deceitfulness; double-dealing
- Syn: deceit, double-dealing, hypocrisy, treachery · Ant: honesty, sincerity, candour, integrity
- ✍️ Use: Great powers are often accused of duplicity in preaching democracy while backing dictators.
- 🧠 Hook: dupli = double → a duplicate face.
8. FURTIVE (adj.)
- Urdu: چوری چھپے، چور نظری سے
- Meaning: attempting to avoid notice; secretive
- Syn: stealthy, sly, surreptitious, secretive · Ant: open, frank, overt, bold
- ✍️ Use: He cast a furtive glance at the file on the officer's desk.
- 🧠 Hook: Latin fur (thief) → how a thief moves; a furry cat sneaking around.
9. GUILE (n.)
- Urdu: مکاری، فریب
- Meaning: sly or cunning intelligence
- Syn: cunning, craftiness, deceit, wiliness · Ant: candour, honesty, naivety, artlessness
- ✍️ Use: Chanakya's guile, not his armies, built the Mauryan empire.
- 🧠 Hook: guile → beguile (charm to deceive). Opposite: guileless.
10. SURREPTITIOUS (adj.)
- Urdu: چھپ چھپا کر، خفیہ طور پر
- Meaning: kept secret, especially because it would not be approved
- Syn: secret, stealthy, covert, clandestine · Ant: open, overt, blatant, public
- ✍️ Use: Surreptitious recordings of judges triggered a constitutional storm.
- 🧠 Hook: sub (under) + rapere (seize) → seized from under the table.