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compulsory · CSS study notes

Bucket 6 — Standards, Quality & Value

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Best for: English Essay, to judge the quality of ideas, people and conditions. 7 words.

1. ABJECT (adj.)

  • Urdu: انتہائی بدحال، ذلیل، پست
  • Meaning: extremely bad or wretched; without pride
  • Syn: wretched, miserable, destitute, contemptible · Ant: dignified, proud, prosperous, exalted
  • ✍️ Use: Millions in South Asia still live in abject poverty despite decades of growth.
  • 🧠 Hook: ab (away) + ject (thrown) → thrown away, cast down to the lowest level.

2. BANAL (adj.)

  • Urdu: عامیانہ، پامال، بے رنگ
  • Meaning: so lacking in originality as to be boring
  • Syn: trite, hackneyed, clichéd, commonplace · Ant: original, fresh, novel, striking
  • ✍️ Use: Opening an essay with a banal dictionary definition wastes the examiner's first impression.
  • 🧠 Hook: so common it should be banned.

3. EMINENT (adj.)

  • Urdu: ممتاز، نامور، بلند مرتبہ
  • Meaning: famous and respected within a particular field
  • Syn: distinguished, prominent, illustrious, renowned · Ant: obscure, unknown, undistinguished, lowly
  • ✍️ Use: Eminent economists warned that the subsidy was fiscally unsustainable.
  • 🧠 Hook: e (out) + minere (project) → sticks out above others. Trap: imminent = about to happen.

4. INNOCUOUS (adj.)

  • Urdu: بے ضرر، غیر مضر
  • Meaning: not harmful or offensive
  • Syn: harmless, inoffensive, benign, safe · Ant: harmful, noxious, pernicious, offensive
  • ✍️ Use: What began as an innocuous social media post sparked a diplomatic row.
  • 🧠 Hook: in (not) + noc (harm, as in noxious) → not harmful.

5. PRISTINE (adj.)

  • Urdu: اپنی اصلی حالت میں، بالکل صاف ستھرا
  • Meaning: in its original condition; unspoilt and clean
  • Syn: immaculate, unspoilt, pure, untouched · Ant: polluted, spoilt, contaminated, dirty
  • ✍️ Use: Unregulated tourism threatens the pristine lakes of Gilgit-Baltistan.
  • 🧠 Hook: a prize kept in its box, never used → still pristine.

6. SPURIOUS (adj.)

  • Urdu: جعلی، نقلی، بظاہر درست مگر غلط
  • Meaning: not genuine; false though appearing true
  • Syn: fake, bogus, counterfeit, specious · Ant: genuine, authentic, valid, real
  • ✍️ Use: Spurious drugs sold in unregulated pharmacies endanger thousands of lives.
  • 🧠 Hook: a spur-of-the-moment story → usually fake.

7. VENERABLE (adj.)

  • Urdu: قابلِ احترام، محترم (عمر یا حکمت کی وجہ سے)
  • Meaning: deserving great respect because of age, wisdom or character
  • Syn: respected, revered, esteemed, honoured · Ant: disreputable, despised, dishonoured
  • ✍️ Use: The venerable Edhi built the world's largest volunteer ambulance network.
  • 🧠 Hook: vener-able → able to be venerated (revered).