compulsory · CSS study notes
Bucket 35 — Stubbornness & Flexibility
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Best for: political deadlock or compromise. Stubborn: intractable, intransigent, obdurate, obstinate. Flexible: malleable, plastic, tractable. 7 words (1 repeat).
1. INTRACTABLE (adj.)
- Urdu: قابو سے باہر، لاینحل، ضدی
- Meaning: hard to control or deal with
- Syn: unmanageable, stubborn, insoluble, obstinate · Ant: tractable, manageable, compliant, solvable
- ✍️ Use: Circular debt has proved one of Pakistan's most intractable economic problems.
- 🧠 Hook: in (not) + tract (pull, as in tractor) → cannot be pulled in any direction.
2. INTRANSIGENT (adj.)
- Urdu: ہٹ دھرم، سمجھوتہ نہ کرنے والا
- Meaning: unwilling to change one's views or to agree
- Syn: uncompromising, inflexible, unyielding, obdurate · Ant: flexible, compromising, accommodating, amenable
- ✍️ Use: India's intransigent stance on Kashmir has stalled bilateral dialogue for years.
- 🧠 Hook: in (not) + transigere (come to terms) → refuses any deal.
3. MALLEABLE (adj.) 🔁
- Urdu: لچکدار · easily shaped or influenced · Syn: pliable · Ant: rigid · Full entry → Bucket 20
4. OBDURATE (adj.)
- Urdu: سنگ دل، اڑیل، ضدی
- Meaning: stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action
- Syn: stubborn, obstinate, unyielding, hard-hearted · Ant: flexible, amenable, yielding, compassionate
- ✍️ Use: The obdurate refusal to tax agricultural income deepens fiscal inequity.
- 🧠 Hook: ob + durus (hard, as in durable) → hardened against change.
5. OBSTINATE (adj.)
- Urdu: ضدی، ہٹیلا
- Meaning: stubbornly refusing to change despite persuasion
- Syn: stubborn, headstrong, pig-headed, wilful · Ant: compliant, docile, amenable, flexible
- ✍️ Use: Obstinate inflation refused to respond to rate hikes.
- 🧠 Hook: an obstacle that won't move.
6. PLASTIC (adj.)
- Urdu: لچکدار، قابلِ تشکیل
- Meaning: easily shaped or moulded; adaptable
- Syn: malleable, pliable, flexible, mouldable · Ant: rigid, inflexible, fixed, brittle
- ✍️ Use: The brain is most plastic in early childhood, which is why pre-school matters.
- 🧠 Hook: Greek plastikos (mouldable) → like hot plastic. "Neuroplasticity".
7. TRACTABLE (adj.)
- Urdu: فرماں بردار، قابلِ انتظام
- Meaning: easy to control or influence; manageable
- Syn: manageable, compliant, docile, amenable · Ant: intractable, unruly, defiant, obstinate
- ✍️ Use: Breaking a huge reform into small steps makes it more tractable.
- 🧠 Hook: tract (pull) → easily pulled along, like a tractor.