compulsory · CSS study notes

B-1 — Badger to Brusque (50 words)

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Letter B, part 1: 50 words, from Badger to Brusque.

1. BADGER (v.)

Urdu: بار بار تنگ کرنا، پیچھے پڑنا
Meaning: to repeatedly ask someone to do something; to pester
Synonyms: pester, harass, nag, hound, plague
Antonyms: leave alone, ignore, soothe
Use: Reporters badgered the minister for a comment.

2. BAFFLE (v.)

Urdu: حیران کرنا، الجھانا
Meaning: to totally bewilder or perplex
Synonyms: perplex, bewilder, puzzle, confound, mystify
Antonyms: enlighten, clarify, explain
Use: The sudden illness baffled the doctors.

3. BALK (v.)

Urdu: ہچکچانا، انکار کرنا؛ روکنا
Meaning: to hesitate or be unwilling; to thwart
Synonyms: hesitate, refuse, resist, shy away, thwart
Antonyms: accept, embrace, agree, welcome
Use: Traders balked at the new tax.

4. BANAL (adj.)

Urdu: عامیانہ، گھسا پٹا
Meaning: lacking originality; boring
Synonyms: trite, hackneyed, clichéd, dull, commonplace
Antonyms: original, novel, fresh, striking
Use: The film's dialogue was painfully banal.

5. BANE (n.)

Urdu: وبال، بربادی کا سبب، زہر
Meaning: a cause of great distress or annoyance
Synonyms: curse, scourge, plague, affliction, blight
Antonyms: blessing, boon, benefit, godsend
Use: Corruption is the bane of our society.

6. BARRAGE (n.)

Urdu: بیراج؛ گولہ باری، بوچھاڑ
Meaning: a concentrated outpouring; a dam-like structure on a river
Synonyms: bombardment, volley, torrent, deluge, onslaught
Antonyms: trickle, dribble
Use: The minister faced a barrage of questions. / Sukkur Barrage irrigates Sindh.

7. BASTION (n.)

Urdu: مضبوط قلعہ، مرکز، گڑھ
Meaning: a stronghold; something that protects a principle
Synonyms: stronghold, bulwark, fortress, citadel, defender
Antonyms: weak point, vulnerability
Use: Lahore has long been a bastion of the party.

8. BEGUILE (v.)

Urdu: موہ لینا؛ دھوکہ دینا
Meaning: to charm or enchant, sometimes deceptively
Synonyms: charm, enchant, captivate, deceive, trick
Antonyms: repel, disgust, bore, enlighten
Use: Tourists are beguiled by the beauty of Hunza.

9. BEHEMOTH (n.)

Urdu: دیو ہیکل چیز، بہت بڑا ادارہ
Meaning: a huge or monstrous creature or organisation
Synonyms: giant, colossus, monster, titan, leviathan
Antonyms: dwarf, midget, minnow
Use: Amazon has become a retail behemoth.

10. BELABOR (v.)

Urdu: ضرورت سے زیادہ زور دینا، بات کو طول دینا
Meaning: to argue or discuss in excessive detail
Synonyms: overemphasise, dwell on, harp on, overdo
Antonyms: understate, skim over, touch on
Use: I won't belabour the point; you understand the risk.

11. BELEAGUER (v.)

Urdu: محاصرہ کرنا، مشکلات میں گھیرنا
Meaning: to put in a difficult position; to besiege
Synonyms: besiege, harass, beset, plague, surround
Antonyms: relieve, aid, assist, free
Use: The beleaguered government faced protests and a fiscal crisis.

12. BELIE (v.)

Urdu: جھٹلانا، غلط تاثر دینا
Meaning: to fail to give a true impression of
Synonyms: contradict, disguise, misrepresent, conceal
Antonyms: confirm, reveal, attest, prove
Use: His smile belied his anger.

13. BELITTLE (v.)

Urdu: حقیر جاننا، کمتر کرنا
Meaning: to make someone or something seem unimportant
Synonyms: disparage, denigrate, diminish, downplay, deprecate
Antonyms: praise, exalt, glorify, magnify
Use: Never belittle the efforts of a beginner.

14. BELLICOSE (adj.)

Urdu: جنگجو، لڑاکا
Meaning: eager to fight
Synonyms: warlike, belligerent, aggressive, hostile, pugnacious
Antonyms: peaceable, conciliatory, pacific
Use: The bellicose rhetoric raised fears of war.
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15. BELLIGERENT (adj./n.)

Urdu: جنگ آمادہ، فریقِ جنگ
Meaning: hostile and aggressive; a nation at war
Synonyms: hostile, combative, bellicose, confrontational, aggressive
Antonyms: friendly, peaceful, neutral, amicable
Use: The belligerent customer shouted at the staff.

16. BEMOAN (v.)

Urdu: ماتم کرنا، شکوہ کرنا
Meaning: to express discontent or sorrow over
Synonyms: lament, deplore, bewail, mourn, regret
Antonyms: celebrate, rejoice, applaud, welcome
Use: Farmers bemoan the rising cost of fertiliser.

17. BEMUSED (adj.)

Urdu: حیران، کشمکش میں
Meaning: puzzled or confused
Synonyms: bewildered, puzzled, perplexed, confused, baffled
Antonyms: clear-headed, certain, enlightened
Use: He looked bemused by the new rules.
Trap: it does not mean "amused".

18. BENEFACTOR (n.)

Urdu: محسن، سرپرست
Meaning: a person who gives money or help
Synonyms: patron, donor, sponsor, supporter, philanthropist
Antonyms: beneficiary, enemy, opponent
Use: An anonymous benefactor funded the orphanage.

19. BENEFICENT (adj.)

Urdu: فیاض، نیک دل
Meaning: doing good; generous
Synonyms: charitable, kind, generous, benevolent, philanthropic
Antonyms: malevolent, cruel, harmful
Use: The beneficent landlord waived the rent after the flood.

20. BENEVOLENT (adj.)

Urdu: مہربان، خیر خواہ
Meaning: well-meaning and kindly
Synonyms: kind, compassionate, generous, charitable, humane
Antonyms: malevolent, cruel, unkind, hostile
Use: The benevolent ruler built wells and schools.

21. BENIGN (adj.)

Urdu: مہربان، بے ضرر
Meaning: gentle and kind; not harmful
Synonyms: kindly, harmless, gentle, benevolent
Antonyms: malignant, malicious, harmful, hostile
Use: The tumour was benign.
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22. BEQUEATH (v.)

Urdu: وصیت میں چھوڑنا، ورثے میں دینا
Meaning: to leave property to someone by a will; to pass on
Synonyms: leave, will, hand down, pass on, endow
Antonyms: inherit, receive, withhold
Use: He bequeathed his library to the university.

23. BERATE (v.)

Urdu: ڈانٹنا، سخت سست کہنا
Meaning: to scold or criticise angrily
Synonyms: scold, rebuke, reprimand, chide, upbraid
Antonyms: praise, commend, compliment
Use: The coach berated the players after the defeat.

24. BEREFT (adj.)

Urdu: محروم، خالی، غم زدہ
Meaning: deprived of something; sad after a loss
Synonyms: deprived, devoid, lacking, bereaved, forlorn
Antonyms: blessed, endowed, possessing, rich in
Use: The policy was bereft of any vision.

25. BESEECH (v.)

Urdu: التجا کرنا، منت کرنا
Meaning: to ask urgently and fervently
Synonyms: implore, beg, entreat, plead, supplicate
Antonyms: demand, command, order
Use: The mother besought the judge for mercy.

26. BESIEGE (v.)

Urdu: محاصرہ کرنا، گھیر لینا
Meaning: to surround with armed forces; to overwhelm
Synonyms: surround, blockade, beleaguer, overwhelm, inundate
Antonyms: relieve, liberate, release
Use: Fans besieged the stadium ticket office.

27. BESTOW (v.)

Urdu: عطا کرنا، نوازنا
Meaning: to confer an honour, right or gift
Synonyms: confer, grant, award, present, give
Antonyms: withhold, withdraw, take away, deny
Use: The Nishan-e-Haider is bestowed for supreme bravery.

28. BIAS (n.)

Urdu: جانبداری، تعصب
Meaning: prejudice for or against one thing or person
Synonyms: prejudice, partiality, favouritism, partisanship
Antonyms: impartiality, fairness, neutrality, objectivity
Use: A judge must decide without bias.

29. BIGOT (n.)

Urdu: متعصب شخص
Meaning: a person intolerant of other opinions, races or religions
Synonyms: zealot, chauvinist, fanatic, racist, sectarian
Antonyms: liberal, humanitarian, tolerant person
Use: Bigots spread hatred on social media.

30. BILK (v.)

Urdu: دھوکے سے رقم بٹورنا
Meaning: to cheat or defraud, especially of money
Synonyms: swindle, cheat, defraud, con, fleece
Antonyms: pay, reimburse, compensate
Use: The scheme bilked investors of millions.

31. BLANDISHMENT (n.)

Urdu: خوشامد، چاپلوسی
Meaning: flattery intended to persuade
Synonyms: flattery, cajolery, coaxing, sweet talk, wheedling
Antonyms: threat, coercion, harshness
Use: He resisted the blandishments of the lobbyists.

32. BLASPHEMY (n.)

Urdu: توہینِ مذہب، گستاخی
Meaning: disrespectful speech about God or sacred things
Synonyms: profanity, sacrilege, irreverence, impiety
Antonyms: reverence, piety, devotion, respect
Use: Blasphemy laws are a sensitive subject in Pakistan.

33. BLATANT (adj.)

Urdu: کھلم کھلا، صریح، بے شرمی سے
Meaning: done openly and unashamedly
Synonyms: flagrant, obvious, glaring, shameless, brazen
Antonyms: subtle, hidden, covert, inconspicuous
Use: It was a blatant violation of the rules.

34. BLIGHT (n./v.)

Urdu: آفت، بربادی؛ فصل کی بیماری
Meaning: a thing that spoils or damages; a plant disease
Synonyms: scourge, plague, curse, bane, affliction
Antonyms: blessing, boon, benefit
Use: Unemployment is a blight on the youth.

35. BLITHE (adj.)

Urdu: بے فکر، خوش باش
Meaning: happy and carefree; casually indifferent
Synonyms: carefree, cheerful, jaunty, heedless, casual
Antonyms: gloomy, anxious, careful, concerned
Use: He showed a blithe disregard for the rules.

36. BLUSTER (n./v.)

Urdu: شیخی، گرج برس
Meaning: loud, aggressive talk with little effect
Synonyms: bravado, bombast, swagger, boasting, bullying
Antonyms: meekness, humility, modesty
Use: Behind the bluster, he had no real plan.
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37. BOLSTER (v.)

Urdu: سہارا دینا، مضبوط کرنا
Meaning: to support or strengthen
Synonyms: reinforce, support, strengthen, boost, shore up
Antonyms: weaken, undermine, sabotage
Use: Good results bolstered her confidence.

38. BOMBASTIC (adj.)

Urdu: لفاظی والا، پرتصنع
Meaning: high-sounding but with little meaning
Synonyms: pompous, grandiloquent, pretentious, turgid
Antonyms: plain, simple, modest
Use: The bombastic speech impressed no one.

39. BOISTEROUS (adj.)

Urdu: شوریلا، ہنگامہ خیز
Meaning: noisy, energetic and cheerful
Synonyms: rowdy, lively, noisy, exuberant, unruly
Antonyms: quiet, calm, restrained, subdued
Use: The boisterous crowd cheered every six.

40. BOON (n.)

Urdu: نعمت، برکت
Meaning: a thing that is helpful or beneficial
Synonyms: blessing, benefit, godsend, advantage, gift
Antonyms: bane, curse, blight, disadvantage
Use: The motorway has been a boon for trade.

41. BOORISH (adj.)

Urdu: اکھڑ، گنوار
Meaning: rough and bad-mannered
Synonyms: rude, uncouth, coarse, vulgar, loutish
Antonyms: refined, polite, cultured, courteous
Use: His boorish remarks shocked the guests.

42. BOURGEOIS (adj./n.)

Urdu: متوسط طبقے کا، سرمایہ دارانہ
Meaning: of the middle class; materialistic and conventional
Synonyms: middle-class, conventional, materialistic, conformist
Antonyms: proletarian, bohemian, radical, unconventional
Use: The novel mocks bourgeois values.

43. BRAGGART (n.)

Urdu: شیخی خور، ڈینگیں مارنے والا
Meaning: a person who boasts about achievements or possessions
Synonyms: boaster, show-off, blowhard, swaggerer
Antonyms: modest person, humble person
Use: Nobody believed the braggart's stories.

44. BRANDISH (v.)

Urdu: لہرانا، دکھا کر ڈرانا
Meaning: to wave something, especially a weapon, as a threat or in excitement
Synonyms: wave, flourish, wield, swing, display
Antonyms: hide, conceal, sheathe
Use: The robber brandished a pistol at the cashier.

45. BRAVADO (n.)

Urdu: نمائشی بہادری، شیخی
Meaning: a bold show intended to impress or intimidate
Synonyms: swagger, bluster, boldness, bombast, machismo
Antonyms: modesty, timidity, cowardice, humility
Use: His bravado disappeared when the police arrived.

46. BRAZEN (adj.)

Urdu: بے شرم، ڈھیٹ
Meaning: bold and without shame
Synonyms: shameless, bold, barefaced, audacious, impudent
Antonyms: shy, modest, timid, ashamed
Use: It was a brazen attempt to rig the vote.

47. BREACH (n./v.)

Urdu: خلاف ورزی؛ شگاف، دراڑ
Meaning: an act of breaking a rule; a gap
Synonyms: violation, infringement, gap, rupture, opening
Antonyms: compliance, observance, closure
Use: A breach in the canal flooded the fields.
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48. BREVITY (n.)

Urdu: اختصار، مختصر گوئی
Meaning: concise use of words; shortness of time
Synonyms: conciseness, succinctness, terseness, briefness
Antonyms: verbosity, wordiness, length, prolixity
Use: Brevity is the soul of a good précis.

49. BRISTLE (v./n.)

Urdu: بھڑک اٹھنا؛ سخت بال
Meaning: to react angrily; a short stiff hair
Synonyms: flare up, bridle, seethe, bristle with anger
Antonyms: calm down, relax, accept
Use: He bristled at the accusation of cheating.
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50. BRUSQUE (adj.)

Urdu: روکھا، درشت
Meaning: abrupt or offhand in manner
Synonyms: curt, blunt, abrupt, gruff, terse
Antonyms: courteous, gracious, polite
Use: The clerk's brusque tone offended visitors.
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