06 · General Knowledge & Pakistan — Q151–180 — KIPS Mock Tests — CSS MPT 2026

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Study order: attempt the question → open the yellow hint only if needed → reveal the green answer → try the related question. Check the revision box only when you can explain the rule without looking.

30 original questions + 30 related recall exercises. Study solutions, not an official KIPS key.

Q151

All the bones of the body make a frame called?

A. Skeleton

B. Tissue

C. Skull

D. None of these

Source PDF page 14.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Choose the body’s supporting framework rather than an individual tissue type.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: A — Skeleton

Reasoning: The skeleton is the supporting framework of bones, with joints and associated structures.

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Related practice: How many bones are conventionally counted in an adult skeleton?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: 206, allowing for variation.

Why / remember: 206 is the conventional adult bone count; age and anatomical variation can affect counts.
Confident after revision

Q152

Parsec is a unit used to measure: ?

A. Distance

B. Time

C. Speed

D. Force

Source PDF page 14.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Do not interpret the word second inside parsec as making it a time unit.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: A — Distance

Reasoning: A parsec is an astronomical distance, approximately 3.26 light-years.

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Related practice: Is a light-year a unit of time?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: No, distance.

Why / remember: A light-year measures how far light travels in a year; the year is part of the distance definition.
Confident after revision

Q153

Milky Way Galaxy in which type?

A. spiral

B. Round

C. Square

D. Linear

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

The detailed description adds a central bar to the broad galaxy type.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: A — Spiral

Reasoning: More precisely, the Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy.

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Related practice: In which galaxy is the Solar System?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: The Milky Way.

Why / remember: The Solar System is within the Milky Way; the solar system and the galaxy are different scales.
Confident after revision

Q154

Which bird has legs but can‘t walk?

A. Loons

B. Grebes

C. Hummingbirds

D. None of these

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Use the conventional bird-adaptation answer while recognising the wording is absolute.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: C — Hummingbirds, conventional answer

Reasoning: Their short legs are mainly adapted for perching and very limited shuffling; cannot walk is an oversimplification. Loons and grebes also move awkwardly on land.

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Related practice: What distinctive flight ability do hummingbirds have?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Sustained hovering and backward flight.

Why / remember: Hummingbirds can hover and fly backwards; limited terrestrial movement reflects leg and flight adaptations, not absence of legs.
Confident after revision

Q155

Which of the following is the source of purest water in nature?

a) River

b) Rain

c) Spring

d) Well

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Separate an ideal water-cycle explanation from the purity of real rain.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Rain, textbook intention

Reasoning: Evaporation removes many dissolved salts, but real rain contains dissolved gases and pollutants. It is not guaranteed pure or safe to drink.

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Related practice: What process separates water by evaporation then condensation?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Distillation.

Why / remember: Distillation evaporates and condenses water to separate many impurities; falling rain can acquire contaminants.
Confident after revision

Q156

The main constituent of Vinegar is:

(a) Ascorbic acid

(b) Citric acid

(d) None of these

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

The characteristic acid is not the greatest component by volume.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: C — Acetic acid, acidic constituent

Reasoning: Vinegar is mostly water; acetic acid is its characteristic acid. Main constituent is therefore imprecise wording.

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Related practice: What is acetic acid’s formula?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: CH₃COOH.

Why / remember: Acetic acid is CH₃COOH; vinegar is an aqueous solution, so water remains its main bulk constituent.
Confident after revision

Q157

Which of the planet moves fastest around the Sun?

a) Venus

b) Mercury

c) Jupiter

d) None of these

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

The planet with the smallest orbit completes it most rapidly.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Mercury

Reasoning: Mercury has the shortest orbital period and highest average orbital speed among the planets.

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Related practice: How long is Mercury’s year approximately?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: 88 Earth days.

Why / remember: Mercury’s orbital period is about 88 Earth days; distinguish its year from its rotation period.
Confident after revision

Q158

What is the position of the Earth when it is at the closest distance from the sun?

(a) Aphelion

(b) Perihelion

(d) Perigee

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Helios refers to the Sun; geo refers to Earth.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Perihelion

Reasoning: Peri means near; helios refers to the Sun. Aphelion is farthest from the Sun.

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Related practice: What does perigee refer to?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Closest point to Earth in an orbit.

Why / remember: Perigee is closest to Earth, perihelion closest to the Sun; the central body determines the term.
Confident after revision

Q159

What is mixed farming?

(a) Growing several crops in a planned way

(b) Growing several crops and rearing animals

(d) None of these

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Look for combining crops and livestock, not merely growing several crops.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Growing several crops and rearing animals

Reasoning: Mixed farming combines crop production and livestock rearing.

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Related practice: What does monoculture mean?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Growing one crop species over a farming area.

Why / remember: Monoculture focuses on one crop species; mixed farming combines crop and animal production.
Confident after revision

Q160

Formation of Ozone hole is maximum over:

(a) India

(b) Europe

(d) Africa

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Think of the polar region with especially cold stratospheric conditions.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: C — Antarctica

Reasoning: Cold polar stratospheric conditions and ozone-depleting chemicals drive the major seasonal Antarctic ozone hole.

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Related practice: Which treaty controls ozone-depleting substances?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: The Montreal Protocol.

Why / remember: The Montreal Protocol controls ozone-depleting substances; it is distinct from the Paris climate agreement.
Confident after revision

Q161

The Legal Framework Order of 1970 provided the constitutional basis for Pakistan‘s first nationwide general elections based

on adult franchise. It was promulgated under:

A) Ayub Khan

B) Yahya Khan

C) Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

D) Iskander Mirza

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Place the order in the military government preceding the 1970 elections.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Yahya Khan

Reasoning: The 1970 Legal Framework Order set rules for elections and constitution-making during Yahya Khan’s rule.

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Related practice: When were the general elections held?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: December 1970.

Why / remember: The general elections occurred in December 1970; the LFO laid down the framework earlier that year.
Confident after revision

Q162

Pakistan‘s circular debt problem has remained a major structural challenge under successive IMF programmes. It is

predominantly associated with which sector?

A) Telecommunications

B) Power and energy

C) Textile industry

D) Information technology

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

The debt circulates through unpaid bills between connected sector entities.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Power and energy

Reasoning: Unpaid obligations accumulate through the energy payment chain, producing circular debt.

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Related practice: Is circular debt simply the government’s entire public debt?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: No; it refers to interlinked arrears in a sector.

Why / remember: Circular debt is a chain of arrears, while public debt is the government’s broader stock of borrowing obligations.
Confident after revision

Q163

The 1973 Constitution introduced bicameralism at the federal level. The Senate was principally designed to ensure:

A) Representation based exclusively on population

B) Equal representation of federating units

C) Direct representation of districts

D) Representation of the judiciary

Source PDF page 15.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

One house reflects population more directly; the other balances provinces.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Equal representation of federating units

Reasoning: The Senate balances provincial representation against the population basis of the National Assembly. The wording does not mean every type of territory has identical seats.

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Related practice: Which house is principally population-based?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: National Assembly.

Why / remember: The National Assembly is principally population-based; the Senate gives provinces equal representation within their category.
Confident after revision

Q164

Pakistan‘s geographical location makes Gwadar important to regional energy geopolitics because it lies relatively close to

the:

A) Strait of Malacca

B) Strait of Hormuz

C) Bosporus Strait

D) Suez Canal

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Distinguish the port’s own sea from the nearby shipping chokepoint.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Strait of Hormuz

Reasoning: Gwadar lies on the Arabian Sea near the Gulf’s energy shipping routes.

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Related practice: Which province contains Gwadar?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Balochistan.

Why / remember: Gwadar is in Balochistan on the Arabian Sea; Hormuz is the nearby Gulf exit route, not the port’s province.
Confident after revision

Q165

The 1962 Constitution represented a major departure from the 1956 constitutional structure by establishing primarily a:

A) Parliamentary system

B) Presidential system

C) Confederal system

D) Parliamentary monarchy

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Contrast the 1962 presidential arrangement with parliamentary constitutions.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Presidential system

Reasoning: The 1962 Constitution adopted a presidential framework, unlike the parliamentary 1956 model.

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Related practice: Which president introduced the 1962 Constitution?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Ayub Khan.

Why / remember: Ayub Khan introduced the 1962 Constitution; the constitutional system and the ruler are separate recall links.
Confident after revision

Q166

The principle of ―Common but Differentiated Responsibilities‖ is especially relevant to Pakistan‘s argument that countries

with historically higher emissions should bear greater responsibility for:

A) Climate mitigation and finance

B) International peacekeeping

C) Nuclear disarmament

D) Refugee resettlement

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

The principle combines shared responsibility with differentiated capacity and history.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: A — Climate mitigation and finance

Reasoning: CBDR recognises common obligations with differentiated responsibilities and capabilities.

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Related practice: Expand CBDR.

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Common but Differentiated Responsibilities.

Why / remember: CBDR expands to Common but Differentiated Responsibilities; climate texts often add respective capabilities.
Confident after revision

Q167

The Durand Line originated from an 1893 agreement between Amir Abdur Rahman Khan of Afghanistan and which British

Indian official?

A) Henry McMahon

B) Mortimer Durand

C) Cyril Radcliffe

D) Stafford Cripps

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Look for the British negotiator in the 1893 agreement.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Mortimer Durand

Reasoning: The 1893 agreement was negotiated with Afghanistan’s Amir Abdur Rahman Khan.

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Related practice: Which line is associated with the 1947 Punjab and Bengal boundary awards?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: The Radcliffe Line.

Why / remember: Radcliffe relates to the 1947 partition boundary awards; Durand to the 1893 Afghanistan agreement.
Confident after revision

Q168

The Financial Action Task Force removed Pakistan from its increased-monitoring ―grey list‖ in October 2022. FATF

primarily sets standards against:

A) Tax avoidance and inflation

B) Money laundering and terrorist financing

C) Nuclear proliferation

D) Cyber warfare

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Think of financial-system safeguards rather than a military alliance.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Money laundering and terrorist financing

Reasoning: FATF also addresses proliferation financing; its grey list denotes increased monitoring.

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Related practice: In which month and year was Pakistan removed from increased monitoring?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: October 2022.

Why / remember: Pakistan left FATF increased monitoring in October 2022; leaving the list does not end ongoing compliance obligations.
Confident after revision

Q169

The One Unit Scheme introduced in 1955 consolidated the provinces and princely states in Pakistan‘s western wing into:

A) Federal Territory of Pakistan

B) Province of West Pakistan

C) North-West Pakistan

D) Western Federation

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

One Unit consolidated the western wing’s units into one province.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Province of West Pakistan

Reasoning: One Unit merged the western administrative units in 1955; it was dissolved in 1970.

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Related practice: What was the eastern wing called?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: East Pakistan.

Why / remember: East Pakistan was the eastern wing; One Unit’s western consolidation sought a different administrative arrangement.
Confident after revision

Q170

Accelerated melting of glaciers in the Hindu Kush-Karakoram-Himalaya region presents a complex challenge for Pakistan

because it can initially increase flooding while eventually threatening:

A) Maritime boundaries

B) Long-term freshwater availability

C) Coastal fisheries only

D) Coal reserves

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Consider both short-run extra meltwater and long-run loss of stored ice.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Long-term freshwater availability

Reasoning: Accelerated melt can initially raise flows and flood risk, while loss of glacier storage threatens future water reliability.

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Related practice: What does GLOF stand for?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Glacial Lake Outburst Flood.

Why / remember: GLOF means Glacial Lake Outburst Flood; the acronym refers to sudden lake release rather than all glacier melt.
Confident after revision

Q171

The Lahore Declaration of February 1999, aimed at reducing Pakistan-India tensions after the nuclear tests, was signed by

Nawaz Sharif and:

A) Manmohan Singh

B) Atal Bihari Vajpayee

C) I. K. Gujral

D) Rajiv Gandhi

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Pair the visiting Indian prime minister with the February 1999 declaration.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Reasoning: He and Nawaz Sharif signed the Lahore Declaration in February 1999.

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Related practice: Which mode of travel symbolised that visit?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: The Delhi–Lahore bus journey.

Why / remember: The bus journey symbolised diplomatic engagement; it was separate from the document’s formal provisions.
Confident after revision

Q172

Pakistan‘s monetary policy, including decisions regarding the policy interest rate, falls primarily under the responsibility of:

A) Ministry of Finance

B) State Bank of Pakistan

C) Planning Commission

D) Federal Board of Revenue

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Monetary policy concerns money and interest conditions; fiscal policy concerns taxes and spending.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — State Bank of Pakistan

Reasoning: The central bank conducts monetary policy; taxation and government spending are fiscal policy.

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Related practice: Which institution primarily administers federal taxes?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: FBR.

Why / remember: FBR administers major federal taxes; the State Bank is the central bank, not the federal tax collector.
Confident after revision

Q173

Pakistan‘s potential role as a transit economy for landlocked Central Asian republics derives significantly from its ability to

provide access to ports located on the:

A) Red Sea

B) Arabian Sea

C) Caspian Sea

D) Bay of Bengal

Source PDF page 16.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Landlocked states seek access to ports on Pakistan’s southern coast.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Arabian Sea

Reasoning: Pakistan’s major seaports provide potential maritime access for landlocked Central Asia.

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Related practice: Name two major Pakistani port cities.

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Karachi and Gwadar.

Why / remember: Karachi and Gwadar are Pakistani port cities; access routes can connect inland economies to maritime trade.
Confident after revision

Q174

Which international institution played the principal mediatory role in negotiations leading to the signing of the 1960 Indus

Waters Treaty?

A) IMF

B) World Bank

C) United Nations

D) Asian Development Bank

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Identify the institution that helped negotiate the treaty, without assuming unlimited enforcement powers.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — World Bank

Reasoning: The World Bank facilitated the treaty negotiations and is a signatory for specified purposes, not a blanket guarantor of every outcome.

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Related practice: In which year was the treaty signed?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: 1960.

Why / remember: 1960 is the treaty’s signature year. The World Bank’s specified role differs from guaranteeing every treaty outcome.
Confident after revision

Q175

Pakistan‘s relationship with China is formally characterized as an ―All-Weather Strategic Cooperative Partnership.‖ Its most

visible geo-economic manifestation is:

A) SAFTA

B) CPEC

C) TAPI

D) CASA-1000

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Think of a concrete bilateral connectivity programme, not the general diplomatic relationship.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — CPEC

Reasoning: CPEC translates bilateral strategic relations into transport, energy and economic cooperation.

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Related practice: What broader initiative includes CPEC?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: The Belt and Road Initiative.

Why / remember: BRI is the wider Belt and Road Initiative; CPEC is one major bilateral corridor within that framework.
Confident after revision

Q176

Article 2A, which made the Objectives Resolution a substantive part of Pakistan‘s Constitution, was inserted through

constitutional changes associated with the:

A) Eighth Amendment

B) Thirteenth Amendment

C) Seventeenth Amendment

D) Eighteenth Amendment

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Separate the original 1949 Resolution from its later incorporation as Article 2A.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: A — Eighth Amendment era

Reasoning: Article 2A was inserted by the 1985 Revival of the Constitution Order and preserved within the constitutional changes associated with the Eighth Amendment.

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Related practice: What does Article 2A incorporate?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: The Objectives Resolution as a substantive constitutional provision.

Why / remember: Article 2A makes the Objectives Resolution a substantive constitutional provision; it is not the 1949 adoption date.
Confident after revision

Q177

Pakistan‘s fiscal federalism depends heavily on the NFC mechanism. The bulk of federally collected divisible-pool taxes are

administered by the:

A) State Bank of Pakistan

B) Federal Board of Revenue

C) National Economic Council

D) Council of Common Interests

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Distinguish collecting taxes from deciding their intergovernmental distribution.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — FBR

Reasoning: FBR administers the principal federal taxes entering the divisible pool; it does not itself decide the NFC award.

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Related practice: Which article establishes the NFC?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Article 160.

Why / remember: Article 160 concerns NFC allocation; FBR collects specified taxes but does not itself make the award.
Confident after revision

Q178

India‘s August 2019 constitutional changes concerning Jammu and Kashmir centered principally on the effective abrogation

of:

A) Article 356

B) Article 370

C) Article 368

D) Article 324

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Focus on the constitutional provision altered in August 2019.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Article 370

Reasoning: The August 2019 measures altered Jammu and Kashmir’s special constitutional status and reorganised the former state.

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Related practice: What other provision was closely connected to permanent-resident privileges?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Article 35A.

Why / remember: Article 35A concerned permanent-resident privileges and was closely connected to the former special-status arrangement.
Confident after revision

Q179

Pakistan‘s location at the intersection of South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East is increasingly emphasized under a

foreign-policy discourse prioritizing:

A) Geo-economics

B) Isolationism

C) Autarky

D) Territorial expansion

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

Look for using economic connections as instruments of strategy.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: A — Geo-economics

Reasoning: This framing emphasises trade, investment, infrastructure and connectivity as strategic instruments.

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Related practice: What does autarky mean?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Economic self-sufficiency with minimal external dependence.

Why / remember: Autarky emphasises self-sufficiency; geo-economic connectivity emphasises external trade and infrastructure links.
Confident after revision

Q180

The permanent Secretariat of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, of which Pakistan has been a full member since 2017,

is located in:

A) Moscow

B) Beijing

C) Astana

D) Tashkent

Source PDF page 17.

💡 Hint — try before revealing

The organisation’s permanent secretariat and anti-terrorism body are in different cities.
✅ Answer & explanation

Answer: B — Beijing

Reasoning: The SCO Secretariat is in Beijing; its regional anti-terrorist structure is associated with Tashkent.

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Related practice: Where is the SCO RATS Executive Committee based?

✅ Related answer & memory link

Answer: Tashkent.

Why / remember: The RATS Executive Committee is in Tashkent; the Secretariat is in Beijing. Match institution to location.
Confident after revision